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The China Economic Development Zones (CEDZ) are the special areas of the People's Republic of China where foreign direct investment is encouraged. They can also be called the "Economic and Technological Development Zones(EDTZ)", "Economic Development Zone (EDZ)" or simply the "Development Zones". The idea of these development zones first began in 1979-1980 after the reformation and open up in China. The first 4 special economic zones were established in the Southern provinces of China, Guangdong and Fujian. The four cities are Shantou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai located in the Guangdong province and lastly Xiamen in Fujian province.() The goal of developing these economic zones was to attract more foreign investments. Amongst the four cities Shenzhen has the fastest growth of 69% of foreign investment. Which had led to a raise in living standards. The areas of establishing economic development zones can also be categorized in three different stages. The first stage an exploratory stage, 1984-1991 14 State-levelETDZs (including Dalian, Qinhuangdao, Tianjin, Yantai, Qingdao, Lianyungang, Nantong, Minhang, Hongqiao, Caohejing, Ningbo, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Zhanjiang) in 12 coastal cities.() Second stage, stage of rapid growth,1992-1998 18 State-level ETDZs (including Yingkou, Changchun, Shenyang,Harbin,Weihai,Kunshan,Hangzhou,Xiaoshan,Wenzhou,Rongqiao,Dongshan, Guangzhou Nansha, Huizhou Dayawan,Wuhu,Wuhan, Chongqing, Beijing,Urumchi )() Lastly the third stage, the stable development stage, 1999–present 17 State-level ETDZs (Hefei, Zhengzhou, Xi’an, Changsha, Chengdu, Kunming, Guiyang, Nanchang, Shihezi, Xining, Hohhot, Taiyuan, Nanning, Yinchuan, Lanzhou, Lasa, Lanzhou)() With the development of these economic zones, it has created a growth in China's economic by increasing its national GDP, created more job opportunities, and more foreign direct investment.() However, there are also pros and cons on development on these economic zones, the pros are creating more job opportunities, increasing its economic growth(national GDP) and encourage on foreign direct investment. As a result, it was a success because China is currently one of the fastest growing countries and significantly influencing the global economy. From the past two decades, China has become an industrialized country for one reason is because the development of these economic zones. In which encourage foreign direct investments, where trading, exports of manufacture goods, became one of the main aspect of economic growth. On the other hand, it also made it reliant on these foreign investment, such as reliant on Hong Kong for these foreign investment, due to the reason that Hong Kong is a free trade market. Based on the case in Shenzhen, its problem with being one of the economic zones can be categorized in four category 1) Foreign exchange leakage,2) Cost ineffectivness, 3) Failure to achieve state objectives and 4) Economic crimes and related social problems.() China has been among the top targets of global investment for more than two decades. In the new age of global recession, China keeps a stable growth rate, thanks to the inexpensive labor, stable government, preferable tax rate and government's support to foreign investment. ==References== *China Acadmenic Journals Full-text Database 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Economic Development Zone (China)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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